Reliability and Robustness analysis of Machine Learning based Phishing URL Detectors

نویسندگان

چکیده

ML-based Phishing URL (MLPU) detectors serve as the first level of defence to protect users and organisations from being victims phishing attacks. Lately, few studies have launched successful adversarial attacks against specific MLPU raising questions on their practical reliability usage. Nevertheless, robustness these systems has not been extensively investigated. Therefore, security vulnerabilities systems, in general, remain primarily unknown that calls for testing systems. In this article, we proposed a methodology investigate 50 representative state-of-the-art models. First, cost-effective Adversarial generator URLBUG created an dataset ( $Adv_\text{data}$ ) . Subsequently, reproduced (traditional ML Deep learning) recorded baseline performance. Lastly, tested considered analyzed using box plots heat maps. Our results showed generated URLs valid syntax can be registered at median annual price notation="LaTeX">${\$}$ 11.99, out 13% already URLs, 63.94% were used malicious purposes. Moreover, models Matthew Correlation Coefficient (MCC) dropped 0.92 0.02 when , indicating are unreliable current form. Further, our findings identified several provided future directions researchers design dependable secure

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing

سال: 2022

ISSN: ['1941-0018', '1545-5971', '2160-9209']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2022.3218043